تأثیر همکاری متقابل کارکردی بر عملکرد تجاری‌سازی فناوری با توجه به نقش خلق دانش و حمایت مدیریت ارشد

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، زنجان ، ایران

2 دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، زنجان، ایران

چکیده

حفظ مزیت رقابتی و بقاء سازمانی در گرو حفظ و تقویت تجاری‌سازی فناوری است. هدف اصلی این پژوهش بررسی رابطه بین همکاری‌متقابل کارکردی، خلق دانش، حمایت مدیریت‌ارشد و تجاری‌سازی فناوری در شرکت‌های دانش‌بنیان می‌باشد. پژوهش حاضر بر اساس هدف، کاربردی و روش آن توصیفی-تحلیلی است که با رویکرد پیمایشی انجام‌گرفته است. جامعه آماری پژوهش 122 شرکت دانش‌بنیان‌  مستقر در پارک علم وفناوری پردیس می‌باشد. تجزیه‌وتحلیل داده‌ها با استفاده از معادلات‌ساختاری و نرم‌افزار SmartPLS انجام‌گرفته است. طبق یافته‌های حاصل از این پژوهش، بین متغیر همکاری‌متقابل کارکردی و تجاری‌سازی فناوری رابطه مثبت و معنی‌دار وجود دارد و خلق دانش میانجی‌گراین رابطه است و حمایت مدیریت ‌ارشد نیز رابطه مذکور را به‌طور مثبت تعدیل می‌کند. در انتها با توجه به نتایج پژوهش پیشنهادهایی ارائه ‌شده است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Influences of Cross-functional Collaboration on Technology Commercialization Function Regarding the Role of Knowledge Creation and Support of Superior Management

نویسندگان [English]

  • Homa Doroudi 1
  • Masoud Sharafpour 2
1 Islamic Azad University of Zanjan,Zanjan, Iran
2 Islamic Azad University of Zanjan,Zanjan, Iran
چکیده [English]

Maintaining competitive advantage and organizational survival depends on maintaining and strengthening the commercialization of technology. The main objective of this study is to investigate the relationship between cross-functional collaboration, knowledge creation, superior management support and commercialization of technology in knowledge-based companies. The aim of the current study is practical and it is an descriptive-analytic survey which is conducted by a metrical approach. The Statistical Society were 122  knowledge-based companies located in the area of Pardis science and technology park. A questionnaire was used to collect data and structural equation modeling and data analysis methods were used by SmartPLS to analyze the data. According to the results of this study, there was positive and significant relationship between the variable cross-functional cooperation and technology commercialization   and knowledge creation mediate this relationship and superior management support also equates the aforementioned relationship positively. Finally, according to the results suggestions are presented.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Cross-functional collaboration
  • Knowledge creation
  • Technology commercialization
  • Top support management
Athayde, R., 2009. Measuring enterprise potential in young people. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 33(2), pp. 481-500.
Autio, E., Keeley, R., Klofsten, M. & Ulfstedt, T., 1997. Entrepreneurial intent among students: testing an intent model in Asia, Scandinavia and USA. Wellesley, Babson College.
Bandura, A., 1986. Social Foundations of Thought and Action: a Social Cognitive Theory. NJ: Prentice-Hall.
Baron, R., 1998. Cognitive mechanisms in entrepreneurship: why and when entrepreneurs think differently than other People. Journal of Business Venturing, 13(3), pp. 275-294.
Baron, R. A., 2004. The cognitive perspective: A valuable tool for answering entrepreneurship’s basic – why questions. Journal of Business Venturing, 19(2), pp. 221-239.
Baron, R. A. & Ensley, M. D., 2006. Opportunity recognition as the detection of meaningful patterns: evidence from comparisons of novice and experienced entrepreneurs. Management Science, 52(9), pp. 1331-1344.
Basadur, M., Taggar, S. & Pringle, P., 1999. Improving the measurement of divergent thinking attitudes in organizations. Journal of Creativity Research, Volume 33, pp. 75-111.
Baum, J. R. & Locke, E. A., 2004. The relationship of entrepreneurial traits, skill, and motivation to subsequent venture growth. Journal of Applied Psychology, 89(4), pp. 587-598.
Beghetto, R. A. & Kaufman, J. C., 2015. Promise and pitfalls in differentiating amongst the Cs of creativity. Creativity Research Journal, 27(2), pp. 240-241.
Brorström, B., 2002. The world’s richest municipality: The importance of institutions for municipal development. Journal of Economic Issues , 36(1), pp. 55-78.
Busenitz, L., 1996. Research on entrepreneurial alertness: sampling, measurement, and theoretical issues. Journal of Small Business Management, 34(4), pp. 35-44.
Chaston, I. & SadlerSmith, E., 2012. Entrepreneurial cognition, entrepreneurial orientation and firm capability in the creative industries. British Journal of Management, 23(3), pp. 415-432.
Chen, C. C., Greene, P. G. & Crick, A., 1998. Does entrepreneurial self-efficacy distinguish entrepreneurs from managers?. Journal of business venturing, 13(4), pp. 295-316.
Cheng, Y. C. & Tam, W., 1997. Multi-models of quality in education. Quality Assurance in Education, 5(1), pp. 22-31.
Cheong Cheng, Y. & Ming Tam, W., 1997. Multi-models of quality in education. Quality assurance in Education, 5(1), pp. 22-31.
Cohen-Kdoshay, O. & Meiran, N., 2007. The representation of instructions in working memory leads to autonomous response activation: evidence from the first trials in the flanker paradigm. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology (Colchester), 60(8), pp. 1140-1154.
Cohen, M. D. & Axelrod, R., 2000. Harnessing Complexity: Organizational Implications of a Scientific Frontier. Simon and Schuster.
Cope, J. & Pittaway, L., 2007. Entrepreneurship education: a systematic review of the evidence. International Small Business Journal, 25(5), pp. 479-510.
DeTienne, D. & Chandler, G., 2004. Opportunity identification and its role in the entrepreneurial classroom: a pedagogical approach and empirical test. Academy of Management Learning & Education, 3(3), pp. 242-257.
Dewett, T., 2004. Employee creativity and the role of risk. European Journal of Innovation Management, 7(4), pp. 257-266.
Drucker, P. F. & Noel, J. L., 1986. Innovation and Entrepreneurship: practices and principles. The Journal of Continuing Higher Education, 34(1), pp. 22-23.
Dweck, C., 2008. Mindset: The New Psychology of Success. New York: Ballantine.
Dweck, C. S. & Leggett, E. L., 1988. A social-cognitive approach to motivation and personality. Psychological review, 95(2), pp. 256-273.
Ertuna, Z. & Gurel, E., 2011. The moderating role of higher education on entrepreneurship. Education+Training, 53(5), pp. 387-402.
Fayolle, A., Gailly, B. & Lassas-Clerc, N., 2006. Assessing the impact of entrepreneurship education programmes: a new methodology. Journal of European industrial training, 30(9), pp. 701-720.
Freitas, A. L., Gollwitzer, P. & Trope, Y., 2004. The influence of abstract and concrete mindsets on anticipating and guiding others’ self-regulatory efforts. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 40(6), pp. 739-752.
Gaglio, C. M. & Katz, J. A., 2001. The psychological basis of opportunity identification: Entrepreneurial alertness. Small business economics, 16(2), pp. 95-111.
Galloway, L. & Brown, W., 2002. Entrepreneurship education at university: a driver in the creation of high growth firms?. Education+ Training, 44(8/9), pp. 398-405.
Gefen, D. & Straub, D., 2005. A practical guide to factorial validity using PLS-Graph: Tutorial and annotated example. Communications of the Association for Information systems, 16(1), p. 5.
Gimeno, J., Folta, T., Cooper, A. & Woo, C., 1997. Survival of the fittest? Entrepreneurial human capital and the persistence of underperforming firms. Administrative Science Quarterly, 42(4), pp. 750-783.
Gollwitzer, P. M., 1990. Action phases and mind-sets. Handbook of motivation and cognition: Foundations of social behavior, Volume 2, pp. 53-92.
Gorman, G., Hanlon, D. & King, W., 1997. Some research perspectives on entrepreneurship education, enterprise education and education for small business management: a ten-year literature review. International small business journal, 15(3), pp. 56-77.
Hannon, P., 2007. Enterprise for all? The fragility of enterprise provision across England’s HEIs. Journal of Small Business and Enterprise Development, 14(2), pp. 183-210.
Haynie, J. M., Shephered, D., Mosakowski, E. P. & Earley, C., 2010. A situated metacognitive model of the entrepreneurial mindset. Journal of Business Venturing, Volume 25, pp. 217-229.
Heinonen, J., Hytti, U. & Stenholm, P., 2011. The role of creativity in opportunity search and business idea creation. Education+Training, 53(8/9), pp. 659-672.
Hennessey, B. & Amabile, T., 2010. Creativity. Annual Review of Psychology, Volume 61, pp. 569-598.
Henry, C., Hill, F. & Leitch, C., 2004. The effectiveness of training for new business creation – a longitudinal study. International Small Business Journal, 22(3), pp. 249-271.
Humphrey, G., 1951. Thinking: an introduction to its experimental psychology.
Ireland, R. D., Hitt, M. A. & Sirmon, D. G., 2003. A model of strategic entrepreneurship: The construct and its dimensions. Journal of management, 29(6), pp. 963-989.
Kaish, S. & Gilad, B., 1991. Characteristics of opportunities search of entrepreneurs versus executives: sources, interests, general alertness. Journal of Business Venturing, 6(1), pp. 5-61.
Karwowski, M., 2009. I’m creative, but am I creative? Similarities and differences between self-evaluated small and big-C creativity in Poland. Korean Journal of Thinking and Problem Solving, 19(2), pp. 7-26.
Karwowski, M., 2014. Creative mindsets: Measurement, correlates, consequences. Psychology of Aesthetics, Creativity, and the Arts, 8(1), pp. 62-70.
Kaufman, J. C., 2016. Creativity 101 (2nd ed.). New York: Springer.
Kaufman, J. C. & Beghetto, R. A., 2013. In praise of Clark Kent: Creative metacognition and the importance of teaching kids when (not) to be creative. Roeper Review, 35(3), pp. 155-165.
Kimberly, J. R. & Evanisko, M. J., 1981. Organizational innovation: The influence of individual, organizational, and contextual factors on hospital adoption of technological and administrative innovations. Academy of management journal, 24(4), pp. 689-713.
Kirzner, I., 1973. Competition and Entrepreneurship. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.
Kirzner, I., 1979. Perception, Opportunity, and Profit, Studies in the Theory of Entrepreneurship. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.
Kirzner, I., 1999. Creativity and/or alertness: a reconsideration of the Schumpeterian entrepreneur. Review of Austrian Economics, 11(1/2), pp. 5-17.
Kirzner, I. M., 2009. The alert and creative entrepreneur: A clarification. Small Business Economics, 32(2), pp. 145-152.
Koontz, H., O’Donnell, C. & Weihrich, H., 1980. Management (7th ed.). Tokyo: McGraw-Hill.
Krauss, S., Frese, M., Friedrich, C. & Unger, J., 2005. Entrepreneurial orientation: a psychological model of success among southern African small business owners. European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology , 14(3), pp. 315-328.
Kuratako, D., 2006. A Tribute to 50 years of Excellence in Entrepreneurship and Small Business. Journal of Small Business Management, 44(3), pp. 483-492.
Langowitz, N. S. & Allen, I. E., 2010. Small Business Leadership: Does Being the Founder Matter?. Journal of Small Business & Entrepreneurship, 23(1), pp. 53-63.
Liu, L., Mynderse, J. A., Gerhart, A. L. & Arslan, S., 2015. Fostering the entrepreneurial mindset in the junior and senior mechanical engineering curriculum with a multi-course problem-based learning experience IEEE, pp. 1-5.
Madjar, N., Oldham, G. R. & Pratt, M. G., 2002. There’s no place like home? The contributions of work and nonwork creativity support to employees’ creative performance. The Academy of Management Journal, 45(4), pp. 757-767.
Mahmood, A. & Cheng, M., 2005. E-entrepreneurship in knowledge economy: implications for the Asia-Pacific economies. The Business Review, Cambridge, 4(1), pp. 153-160.
Martin, B., McNally, J. & Kay, M., 2013. Examining the formation of human capital in entrepreneurship: a meta-analysis of entrepreneurship education outcomes. Journal of Business Venturing, 28(2), pp. 211-224.
Mathisen, J. & Arnulf, J., 2013. Competing mindsets in entrepreneurship: The cost of doubt The International. Journal of Management Education , 11(3), p. 132–141.
Mathur, P., Block, L. & Yucel-Aybat, O., 2014. The effects of goal progress cues: An implicit theory perspective. Journal of Consumer Psychology, 24(4), pp. 484-496.
Matlay, H., 2008. The impact of entrepreneurship education on entrepreneurial outcomes. Journal of Small Business and Enterprise Development, 15(2), pp. 382-396.
McGrath, R. G. & MacMillan, I. C., 2000. The entrepreneurial mindset: Strategies for continuously creating opportunity in an age of uncertainty. Harvard Business Press.
McMullen, J. S. & Shepherd, D. A., 2006. Entrepreneurial action and the role of uncertainty in the theory of the entrepreneur. Academy of Management review, 31(1), pp. 132-152.
Meyer, G. D. & Heppard, K. A., 2000. Entrepreneurship as strategy: Competing on the entrepreneurial edge. pp. 101-114.
Miles, G., Heppard, K. A., Miles, R. E. & Snow, C. C., 2000. Entrepreneurial strategies. Entrepreneurship as strategy. Competing on the entrepreneurial edge, pp. 101-114.
Morris, M. H., Kuratko, D. F. & Schindehutte, M., 2001. Towards integration: understanding entrepreneurship through frameworks. The international journal of entrepreneurship and innovation, 2(1), pp. 35-49.
Mueller, S. L. & Thomas, A. S., 2001. Culture and entrepreneurial potential: A nine country study of locus of control and innovativeness. Journal of business venturing, 16(1), pp. 51-75.
Munoz, C. A., Mosey, S. & Binks, M., 2011. Developing opportunity-identification capabilities in the classroom: visual evidence for changing mental frames. Academy of Management Learning & Education, 10(2), pp. 277–295.
Naudé, W., 2011. Entrepreneurship and Economic Development. Palgrave Macmillan: Basingstoke.
Neck, C. & Houghton, J. D., 2006. Two decades of self-leadership theory and research.. Journal of Manage.rial Psychology, 21(4), pp. 270–295.
Neck, C. P. & Manz, C. C., 1996. Thought self-leadership: the impact of mental strategies training on em.ployee cognition, behavior, and affect. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 17(5), pp. 445–467.
Neck, H. & Greene, P., 2011. Entrepreneurship education: known worlds and new frontiers. Journal of Small .Business Management, 49(1), pp. 55-70.
Oosterbeek, H., Van Praag, M. & Ijsselstein, A., 2010. The impact of entrepreneurship education on entre.preneurship skills and motivation. European economic review, 54(3), pp. 442-454.
.Osborne, J., 2008. Best Practices in Quantitative Methods. Sage.
Puente-Diaz, R., Maier, M. A., Brem, A. & Cavazos-Arroyo, J., 2016. Generalizability of the four C model of creativity: A cross-cultural examination of creative perception. Psychology of Aesthetics, Creativity, and the Arts, 10(1), pp. 14-20.
Rhodes, M., 1961. An analysis of creativity. The Phi Delta Kappan, 42(7), pp. 305-310.
Schumpeter, J. A., 1961. The theory of economic development: An inquiry into profits, capital, credit, interest, and the business cycle.:Harvard University Press..
Sevincer, A. T., Kluge, L. & Oettingen, G., 2014. Implicit theories and motivational focus: Desired future versus present reality. Motivation and Emotion, 38(1), pp. 36-46.
Shane, S., 2012. Reflections on the 2010 AMR decade award: delivering on the promise of entrepreneurship as a field of research. Academy of Management Review, 37(1), pp. 10-20.
Shane, S., Nicolaoum, N., Cherkas, L. & Spector, T. D., 2010. Do openness to experience and recognizing opportunities have the same genetic source?. Human Resource Management, 49(2), pp. 291–303.
Shane, S. & Venkataraman, S., 2000. The promise of entrepreneurship as a field of research. Academy of management review, 25(1), pp. 217-226.
Short, J. C., Ketchen, D. J., Shook, C. L. & Ireland, R. D., 2010. The concept of opportunity in entrepreneurship research: past accomplishments and future challenges. Journal of Management, 36(1), pp. 40–65.
Skinner, B. F., 1978. Reflections on behaviorism and society.
Solesvik, M., Westhead, P., Matlay, H. & Parsyak, N., 2013. Entrepreneurial assets and mindsets: benefit from university entrepreneurship education investment. Education+ Training, 55(8/9), pp. 748-762.
Solomon, G., Duffy, S. & Tarabishy, A., 2002. The state of entrepreneurship education in the United States: a nationwide survey and analysis. International Journal of Entrepreneurship Education, 1(1), pp. 65-86.
Souitaris, V., Zerbinati, S. & Al-Lahan, A., 2007. Do entrepreneurship programmes raise entrepreneurial intention of science and engineering students? The effect of learning, inspiration and resources. Journal of Business Venturing, 22(4), pp. 566-591.
Tang, J., Kacmar, K. & Busenitz, L., 2012. Entrepreneurial alertness in the pursuit of new opportunities. Journal of Business Venturing, 27(1), pp. 77-94.
Thagard, P., 2006. Hot Thought: Mechanisms and Applications of Emotional Cognition. MIT Press.
Thompson, J., 1999. The world of the entrepreneur – a new perspective. Journal of Workplace Learning: Employee Counselling Today, 11(6), pp. 209-224.
Timmons, J., 1999. New Venture Creation – Entrepreneurship for the 21st century. New York: Irwin McGraw-Hill.
Tuggle, C., 2002. Encouraging Entrepreneurial Endeavors in Established Enterprise. Texas A&M University, Department of Management.
Udwadia, F. E., 1990. Creativity and innovation in organizations: Two models and managerial implications. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 38(1), pp. 65-80.
Uy, M. A. et al., 2015. Proactivity, adaptability and boundaryless career attitudes: The mediating role of entrepreneurial alertness.. Journal of Vocational Behavior, Volume 86, pp. 115-123.
van Gelderen, M. et al., 2008. Explaining entrepreneurial intentions by the means of the theory of planned behaviour. Career Development International, 13(6), pp. 538-559.
Von Graevenitz, G., Harhoff, D. & Weber, R., 2010. The effects of entrepreneurship education. Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, 76(1), pp. 90-112.
Wadeson, N., 2006. Cognitive aspects of entrepreneurship: decision-making and attitudes to risk. In: M. Casson, B. Yeung, A. Basu & N. Wadeson, eds. The Oxford handbook of entrepreneurship. OUP.
Walter, S., Parboteeah, K. & Walter, A., 2013. University departments and selfemployment intentions of business students: a cross-level analysis. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 37(2), pp. 175-200.
Whetten, D. A. & Cameron, K. S., 1983. Management skill training: A needed addition to the management curriculum. Exchange: The Organizational Behavior Teaching Journal, 8(2), pp. 10-15.
Yang, S.-J. & Chandra, Y., 2009. Agent based simulation in entrepreneurial research. Academy of Management Chicago.
Yeager, D. S. & Dweck, C. S., 2012. Mindsets that promote resilience: When students believe that personal characteristics can be developed. Educational Psychologist, 47(4), pp. 302-314.
Zhao, H., Seibert, S. & Hills, G., 2005. The mediating role of self-efficacy in the development of entrepreneurial intentions. Journal of applied psychology, 90(6), pp. 1265-1272.