چارچوب تحلیلی زیست‌بوم همکاری‌های فناورانه بین شرکت‌های بزرگ و شرکت‌های کوچک فناوری‌محور

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 عضو هیات علمی دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایران

2 دانشجوی دکتری سیاستگذاری علم و فناوری دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایران

3 هیات علمی دانشکده مدیریت، علم و فناوری، دانشگاه صنعتی امیرکبیر، تهران، ایران

4 عضو هیات علمی پژوهشکده مطالعات فناوری، تهران، ایران

چکیده

با توجه به رقابتی شدن محیط کسب‌وکار در طی چند دهه‌ اخیر،شرکت‌های بزرگ با وجود دسترسی به منابع مالی و کانال‌های توزیع با دیوان‌سالاری، لَختی و عدم انعطاف‌پذیری روبرو هستند، در مقابل شرکت‌های کوچک فناوری‌محور با وجود انعطاف‌پذیری و توانمندی نوآوری بالا با کمبود منابع و عدم دسترسی به بازار روبرو هستند.بنابراین هر دو دسته شرکت‌های فوق برای حفظ موقعیت خود در فضای رقابتی و ادامه حیات نیاز دارند که با همدیگر همکاری کنند.با این حال همکاری فناورانه بین شرکت‌ها موضوعی پیچیده است که بررسی جامع آن نیازمند نگرشی نظام‌مند و کل‌نگر است.در این راستا میتوان از رویکرد اکوسیستمی برای تحلیل و تبیین فرآیند همکاری فناورانه بین دو دسته شرکت‌های مذکور استفاده کرد.به همین منظور در راستای تدوین چارچوب مناسب برای تحلیل اکوسیستم همکاری فناورانه از روش مرور نظام‌مند استفاده و با جستجو در پایگاه‌های معتبر تعداد 605 سند استخراج شد که پس از بررسی‌های لازم 63 مورد از آن‌ها به‌عنوان اسناد مرتبط و معتبر شناسایی و در ادامه نیز با استفاده از روش فراترکیب، اسناد منتخب بررسی و کدگذاری شدند.در نهایت کدهای استخراج شده در ذیل 5 مقوله قرار گرفتند که یک مقوله در مورد ویژگی‌های اکوسیستم بود و 4 مورد دیگر به مقوله‌هایی اشاره داشتند که در تحلیل اکوسیستم باید به آن‌ها توجه شود این مقوله‌ها عبارتند: چرخه عمر، ابعاد تحلیل، نقش‌ها و نهادهای حاضر در اکوسیستم همکاری فناورانه.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

The analytical framework of the ecosystem of technological collaboration between large and small technology oriented companies

نویسندگان [English]

  • Shaban Elahi 1
  • Arman khaledi 2
  • Mehdi Majidpour 3
  • Reza Asadifard 4
1 Tarbiat Modares University
2 Tarbiat Modares University
3 Amirkabir University of Technology
4 Technology Studies Institute
چکیده [English]

According to the competitive environment of the business over the last few decades, large companies despite access to financial resources and distribution channels, face with bureaucracy, inefficiency and inertia, in contrast small technology-oriented companies with the flexibility and high innovation capability face with resource shortages And lack of access to the market. Therefore, both large and small companies need to work together to maintain their competitive position and survival. However, technological collaboration between companies is a complex subject that a comprehensive review of which requires a systematic approach. In this regard, an ecosystem approach can be used to analyze and explain the process of technological collaboration between the two groups of companies. To this end, using a systematic literature review method to develop an appropriate framework for the analysis of the ecosystem of technological collaboration and 605 documents were searched in valid databases, after which 63 of them were identified as valid documents. Subsequently, the selected documents were examined and coded using the Meta synthesis method. Finally, the codes extracted are as follows: five categories, one category about the characteristics of the ecosystem, and four others refer to the categories to be considered in the ecosystem analysis. These categories include life cycle, analysis dimensions, roles and institutions in the technological collaboration ecosystem

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Ecosystem
  • Technological collaboration
  • Systematic literature review
  • Meta synthesis
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