بررسی عوامل شکل گیری سرریزهای فناورانه حاصل از سرمایه گذاری مستقیم خارجی در مناطق آزاد ایران

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشگاه آزاد واحد علوم و تحقیقات تهران

2 دانشگاه پیام نور واحد تهران

چکیده

سرریزهای فناورانه، همواره به عنوان یکی از مهمترین آثار سرمایه‌گذاری مستقیم خارجی در سطح اقتصاد خرد مطرح بوده است. در پژوهش حاضر تلاش شده است تا موضوع ایجاد سرریزها و عوامل تعیین‌کننده آن‌ها در مناطق آزاد مورد مطالعه قرار بگیرد. با توجه به شرایط مناطق آزاد ایران، سرریز فناورانه در قالب پیوندهای عمودی به عنوان متغیر وابسته پژوهش و عوامل موثر بر سرریز فناورانه شامل انجام فعالیت‏ های تحقیق‌وتوسعه، وجود نیروی انسانی متخصص و ماهر، دسترسی به فناوری اطلاعات و ارتباطات، و وجود مراکز ارائه خدمات علمی و فنی به عنوان متغیرهای مستقل انتخاب شدند. جامعه پژوهش را کارشناسان شاغل در شرکت‏های سرمایه‌گذار خارجی در مناطق آزاد ایران تشکیل دادند. ابزار جمع‌آوری داده‌ها، پرسش‌نامه بود و روش حداقل مجذورات جزیی برای آزمون فرضیه‌ها به‌کارگرفته شد. نتایج نشان دادند که تمامی عوامل یادشده بر ارتقاء پیوندهای عمودی در مناطق آزاد کشور تاثیر مثبت و معنا‏داری دارند.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Investigating the Formation Factors of Technological Spillovers Resulted from Foreign Direct Investment in Iran's Free Trade Zone

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mahyar Khadem 1
  • Mohammad Reza Razavi 1
  • Yeganehsadat Moosavi Jahromi 2
1 Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch
2 Payam-e-Noor University
چکیده [English]

Technological spillover at micro-level has always been one of the main works of foreign direct investment. In this paper, we study spillovers and their determining factors in free trade zones. According to the conditions of Iran's free trade zones, technological spillovers in the form of vertical links are chosen as dependent variable and the factors determining technological spillovers, including research and development activities, the presence of qualified and skilled human resources, access to information and communication technologies, and centers for scientific and technical service are selected as independent variables. Due to the limited number of statistical samples, i.e. foreign investor companies in Iran's free trade zones, the method of partial least squares (PLS) is used to test the hypotheses. The results show that all these determinant factors have positive and significant impacts on promotion of vertical links in Iran's free trade zones.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • foreign direct investment
  • technological spillovers
  • technological spillovers factors
  • Iran's free trade zones
  • PLS method
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